Veterans memorial to be built on Wind River Reservation

CASPER, Wyo. (AP) — Project leaders in Wyoming are seeking names to include in a new memorial honoring military veterans from within the Wind River Indian Reservation.

All military veterans who have lived within the boundaries of the Wyoming reservation could have their names included, the Casper Star-Tribune reported Monday.

That includes veterans from Riverton, a city of about 11,000 people that is encircled by the reservation but is not part of it.

The “Path of Honor'' memorial will be located outside of the Frank B. Wise Business Center building in Fort Washakie and include a garden walkway and four massive stones listing the names of the veterans, organizers said.

The four stones will form the shape of a buffalo, organizer and Eastern Shoshone Vietnam War veteran Scott Ratliff said. Ratliff expects the names of up to 700 veterans to be listed.

Organizers hope to complete the memorial sculpture garden by the summer.

The deadline for submitting veterans' names is Friday.

Native Americans have served in all the country's conflicts and wars since the Revolutionary War, at a higher rate per capita than other minority groups, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.

“It's to honor those people and to keep that tradition alive,” Ratliff said. “We believe that a warrior is somebody that continues to be an important part of the community, and this is to help honor all of those people.''

President Nixon and the sacred lake: Bill preserves history

SANTA FE, N.M. (AP) — It was 1970, the U.S. president was Richard Nixon and members of a small Native American community in northern New Mexico traveled to Washington to press their case for reclaiming a sacred alpine lake from federal control.

The story of the return of Blue Lake and 75 square miles (195 square kilometers) of surrounding national forest land to the people of Taos Pueblo — finalized with Nixon's signature in December 1970 — is being retold 50 years later, as tribal leaders and state legislators look for ways to preserve documentation and memories of the landmark victory for indigenous rights.

A legislative proposal would devote $350,000 from the state general fund to help preserve photographs, transcripts and news articles and develop exhibits and educational lessons about the campaign to reclaim Blue Lake, a site prized as an integral part of Indian pueblo culture and ceremonial traditions. The lake is perched in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains more than 2 miles (3 kilometers) above sea level at the headwaters of the Upper Rio Grande.

Bill sponsor Sen. Bobby Gonzales, a Democrat from the adjacent town of Taos, described the decades-long effort to reclaim the Blue Lake site — culminating in the halls of Congress — as a battle of persuasion and public relations. The area first fell under direct U.S. management as forest land in 1906.

In testimony to a state Senate panel, Taos tribal council member Gilbert Suazo said the return of Blue Lake was a turning point in his people's history. He said it's a milestone in the 20th century Indian rights movement toward greater autonomy in governance and education.

“It was not like a radical kind of thing. It was actually a tribal cause, a tribal matter, and that's the way we worked it,” said the former Taos Pueblo governor, who testified before a congressional committee in the summer of 1970.

A breakthrough came after a meeting with U.S. Rep. Manuel Lujan Jr., a newly elected New Mexico Republican who would go on to serve as Interior secretary under President George H.W. Bush.

“I'll look into it, I'll let you know''' was the initial answer, said Suazo, a man in his mid-20s at the time. “And then he actually wrote a letter back. ... He said, ‘I will do what my heart tells me to do and I will support this.’”

Taos claims to ancestral lands were competing for attention with movements to reclaim land grants dating back to the Spanish-colonial era and Mexican rule.

“He was a Hispanic congressman, and there were Hispanics that were against the return. For him to step out like that was very significant,'' Suazo said.

Newly proposed state legislation would provide funding for commemorative celebrations, a short documentary film and educational materials that eventually may reside at a heritage center at Taos Pueblo.